Does New Jersey license personal property appraisers?
No. New Jersey licenses and certifies real estate appraisers through the State Board of Real Estate Appraisers, and no New Jersey licence covers equipment, vehicles, business interests, household goods, or collections. What a bankruptcy court weighs instead is the appraiser's qualifications, their disinterestedness, and the evidence set out in the report, which is why credentials with recognized bodies such as the ASA and ISA and a clearly documented method carry the weight here.
Does the two-appraiser rule people cite for New Jersey apply in a bankruptcy?
No. N.J. Rev. Stat. § 3B:16-2 requires a personal representative preparing a probate inventory to have a just appraisal made by two discreet and impartial persons, and to file the inventory and appraisal within three months of the grant of letters where a family exemption is being set off. That is a probate rule. A bankruptcy valuation of personal property needs neither two appraisers nor that timeline, and the two get conflated regularly.
Which assets on a New Jersey bankruptcy schedule actually need an appraisal?
The ones with no observable market price. Closely held business interests, specialized or aging equipment, collections, modified or damaged vehicles, and anything a secured creditor is likely to dispute. An ordinary late-model car with a published guide value and a house full of everyday furnishings usually do not, unless the total sits close to the exemption the debtor elected or the trustee questions a lump figure.
What happens to household goods worth more than the New Jersey exemption?
The debtor selects which items the exemption covers, up to the statutory figure, and the rest is property of the estate. That selection cannot be made from a single number for the contents of a house, so an itemized schedule of values is what makes the exemption usable. It is also the reason the federal exemption set, with its per-item and aggregate limits, tends to be the more practical election in New Jersey.
Is personal property in a New Jersey bankruptcy valued at replacement value or fair market value?
It depends which question is being asked, and both come up in the same case. Personal property securing an allowed claim, where the debtor is an individual in Chapter 7 or Chapter 13, is valued at replacement value under 11 U.S.C. § 506(a)(2). Exemptions are measured against fair market value as of the petition date, which is how § 522(a)(2) defines value. Collateral in a Chapter 11, and collateral being surrendered rather than retained, falls under § 506(a)(1) and is valued in light of its proposed disposition or use. A report that does not name which one it developed is not usable for any of them.